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What are the treatment approaches for DKD?

The cause of DKD is unknown. The current treatment measures are mainly made in an effort to control the risk factors of DKD, which includes poor blood glucose control, poor blood pressure control, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, obesity, smoking, socioeconomic status, and lack of exercise.

Blood glucose control
According to the 2018 American and European Diabetes Association consensus on T2DM hyperglycemia management, for T2DM patients with CKD, if their blood glucose level is still not normal after administration of metformin and if the eGFR is at an appropriate level, SGLT2 inhibitors may be a good choice. And in cases where SGLT2 inhibitors are intolerant or contraindicated, GLP-1 receptor agonist should be selected.

Controlling blood pressure
Antihypertensive drug of choice for DKD patients are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARB).

Blood Lipid Control
For non-dialyzed DKD patients, statins are preferred. It is not recommended to start statin therapy in dialysis patients without statins, but dialysis-dependent patients who have started statin therapy can continue to use it unless side effects occur.

Lifestyle interventions
DKD patients should reasonably control protein intake, which is about 0.8 g/kg/d, limit salt intake to <6g/d and quit smoking. It is recommended to exercise 30 minutes/day, five times a week. For obese or overweight T2DM patients, it is recommended to reasonably reduce weight through diet and exercise. However, for patients with CKD stage 4-5, it remains controversial as to whether weight loss is beneficial or not.

Early dawn: new SGLT2 inhibitor of hypoglycemic agent has renal protective effect

Many large-scale studies have shown that the new hypoglycemic agent SGLT2 inhibitor has a renal protective effect. Post hoc analysis of the EMPA-REG study showed that compared to placebo, empagliflozin slowed the progression of kidney disease and reduced the risk of renal composite endpoints (doubling serum creatinine, renal replacement therapy, or death from kidney disease) by 46%. The exploratory endpoint of the CANVAS study showed that, compared to placebo, canagliflozin reduced the risk of renal composite endpoints (continuous doubling of creatinine, ESRD, and death from kidney disease) by 47%, and the risk of albuminuria progression by 27%. The DECLARE study presets a secondary endpoint that shows that dapagliflozin reduces the risk of renal endpoints (eGFR reduced by ≥40% and

Potential research: new kidney protective drugs emerge

It is currently believed that oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis contribute to the development of DKD. The development of new renal protective drugs has focused on endothelin-1 receptor antagonists, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, antioxidant stress drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-fibrotic drugs and multi-factor targeted drugs.

Endothelin-1 receptor antagonists produce vasoconstriction, pro-inflammatory and podocyte injury-related effects through ETA receptors, activate ETB receptors, cause vasodilation and activate NO. Phase II clinical trials conducted in DKD patients have shown that the selective endothelin-1 receptor antagonist, atrasentan, can significantly reduce proteinuria while increasing the decrease in urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR). Finerenone is a new generation of oral mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. ARTS-DN results show that finerenone can significantly reduce UACR in a dose-dependent manner. The multi-factor targeted drug Klotho has been shown to have renal protection. Animal studies have shown that over-expressing Klotho can significantly improve renal fibrosis in DKD mice, and inhibit urinary protein levels by inhibiting fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Clinical studies have shown that recombinant human α-Klotho (0.3 mg/kg) can significantly improve renal function and renal fibrosis. Other new drugs such as TGF-β inhibitors, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and serotonin 2a receptor antagonists are also in clinical research.

Conclusion

The etiology of DKD is not clear. At present, the main treatment is to control risk factors, but the long-term efficacy is not very satisfactory. In the clinical treatment process, it is necessary to take into account multi-factor common intervention, multi-pronged approach, and comprehensive management. Fortunately, there is increasing evidence of independent renal protective effects of new hypoglycemic agents, which definitely brings good news to DKD patients. However, a large number of clinical studies on DKD pathogenesis-related drugs are still needed in order to prove their effectiveness and safety.

The ancient Ayurveda:

Ayurveda has served millions of people since ancient times. While the modernized version of Ayurveda is reflected in the altered medicine, its roots still guide us to follow more holistic healing processes to strengthen the body’s ecosystem.

Ayurveda is followed by a belief that health and wellness rely on a balance between the mind, body, and spirit. Its main objective is to promote good health.

Wouldn’t you agree that Ayurveda is a gift from nature and is available as a natural remedy to help us at least fight severe diseases and viruses?

Does Hemp carry Ayurvedic properties?

Hemp is gaining worldwide popularity. While the buzz around the globe is a mixture of rumors and unexplainable claims, the right reason is it’s unsaturated and zero chemical properties. Hemp is a strain of the cannabis Sativa plant. It is manufactured from varieties of Cannabis sativa that do not contain significant amounts of THC.

This leads us to the benefits of Hemp. Hemp oil has a rich profile of nutrients, fatty acids, and useful bioactive compounds. It is beneficial for skincare, haircare, and even positively works well in reducing arthritis pain.

In case you are wondering how you should make use of Hemp- worry not. It is effortless and can be easily used in many forms, such as edibles, protein powder, seeds, and oil; the most suitable way of hemp consumption is oil.

The gift from Himalayas

Hemp oil is derived from Himalayan Hemp oil and is dark to clear light green in color. It should not be confused with hash oil, a THC containing oil made from the Cannabis flower. Himalayan Hemp has positively proven to deliver the remedial effects on skin and hair treatment. And it effectively works to strengthen the immune system.

We at cannaessentials.in have handpicked products that are only manufactured with Himalayan Hemp.

Listed below are some products that were tried, tested, and loved by our happy customers.

Hemp hearts- ‘Hemp hearts’ is a complete dose of nutrition that has directly come from the land of its origin- The Himalayas. The perfectly shelled hemp seeds are called hemp hearts because it has a direct positive effect on your cardiovascular health. If you are looking for something to improve your irregular blood flow effortlessly, then ‘Hemp hearts’ is the best solution.

How To Use – Hemp Hearts add its nutritious magic to any meal so you can bake with it or add a spoonful of hemp hearts with your favorite juice, smoothie, lassi, milk, or water.

Dosage Guidelines – 20g – 25g per day or as directed by the physician.
Benefits-

Builds immunity
Improves cardiovascular health
Aids muscle function
Acts as an anti-inflammatory
Maintains normal cholesterol level

Hemp Oil for skin- Hemp oil is extracted naturally from hemp seeds. And it is the most premium unsaturated oil from the cannabis plant. Since it comes from hemp seed, it contains the ideal 3:1 Super Omega-6 (SDA) to Super Omega-3 (GLA) ratio. Moreover, it is the ultimate form of Hemp consumption.
How To Use – Take 3ml(2-3 drops) and massage it on to your skin until absorbed. It is edible, and it offers a delicate nutty flavor to every dish. In addition to it, you can make smoothies, salads, vegetables, and all kinds of pasta using this oil.

Dosage Guidelines – 3ml or 2-3 drops per day or as directed by the physician.
benefits-

Helps in quick hair growth
Has anti-aging properties
Helps in healing acne, and rashes
Oxygenates and hydrates skin
Helps to maintain hormonal balance

Hemp seed oil for hair- Ayurvedic Hemp Seed Oil is super beneficial for regular hair care. Hair is made up of keratin, 90% of which is protein. Hemp oil works during the hair growth process. It provides excess protein, which improves blood circulation on the scalp. Hemp oil hair massage nourishes the scalp and ensures that the hair follicles are strengthened enough to support hair growth.

How To Use – Take 2 to 4 drops of oil between your palms and gently massage your hair, face, scalp, dry skin, and related areas. A sensitive skin patch test is recommended before using hemp oil.

For External Use Only.

Dosage Guidelines – 20g – 25g per day or as directed by the physician.

benefits-

Helps with quick hair growth
Has anti-aging properties
Rich in Vitamin A, Vitamin E, and Iron
Improves blood circulation on the scalp
Helps in healing acne, rashes, eczema, and psoriasis